Introductory Psychology CLEP Prep Practice Exam

Who is credited with being the founder of modern psychology?

1. B.F. Skinner

2. John B. Watson

3. William James

4. Sigmund Freud

The correct answer is: William James

Many psychologists and historians credit William James as the founder of modern psychology because of his groundbreaking contributions to the field. James introduced the concept of functionalism, which focused on the study of how the mind functions and adapts to its environment. He also emphasized the importance of studying individual experiences and subjective perceptions, rather than just observable behavior. B.F. Skinner and John B. Watson are often associated with behaviorism, a school of thought that gained popularity in the early 20th century but does not fully encompass the breadth of modern psychological theories. While Sigmund Freud is often referred to as the father of psychoanalysis, his theories and methods are not considered part of the foundation of modern psychology. Therefore, C is the most accurate answer.