Introductory Psychology CLEP Prep Practice Exam

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What is the difference between correlation and causality?

  1. Correlation measures the strength of the relationship between two variables, whereas causality determines whether one variable causes the other

  2. Correlation measures the strength of the relationship between two variables, whereas causality measures the nature of the relationship

  3. Correlation determines whether one variable causes the other, whereas causality measures the strength of the relationship between two variables

  4. Correlation measures the nature of the relationship between two variables, whereas causality determines whether one variable causes the other

The correct answer is: Correlation measures the nature of the relationship between two variables, whereas causality determines whether one variable causes the other

Correlation is a statistical measure of the relationship between two variables, whereas causality refers to the relationship in which one variable directly influences or causes a change in another variable. Option D correctly distinguishes between correlation and causality, as it states that correlation measures the nature of the relationship between two variables, while causality focuses on whether one variable can be said to cause changes in another variable. Options A and C are incorrect because they mistake the roles of correlation and causality. Option A incorrectly states that correlation determines causality, when in fact it only measures the strength of the relationship between two variables. Option C confuses the roles of correlation and causality by stating that correlation determines causality, when it is actually the other way around. Option B is also incorrect as it incorrectly states that causality measures the nature of the relationship between two variables.

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