Introductory Psychology CLEP Prep Practice Exam

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Prepare for the CLEP Psychology Exam with flashcards and multiple-choice questions. Each question comes with hints and explanations to help you succeed. Master the content and pass your exam!

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According to Skinner, how is behavior shaped and maintained by its consequences?

Reinforcement
Cognition
Motivation
Association

The correct answer is: Reinforcement

Behavior is shaped and maintained through the process of reinforcement, which involves providing positive or negative consequences for specific behavior. This can include rewards for desired behavior or punishment for undesired behavior. Option B, cognition (thinking and understanding), is not directly related to Skinner's theory of behaviorism. Option C, motivation, can play a role in shaping behavior, but it is not the main focus of Skinner's theory. Option D, association, refers to the idea that certain behaviors become connected or associated with specific consequences, which is a key component of Skinner's theory. However, it does not fully explain how behavior is shaped and maintained, making option A the more accurate and complete answer.